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4. not occasion'd by any right of his.

The Kings had no mercenary Armys, every one of his Vassals & the Subvassals of the Barons being oblig'd to bear Arms when necessary; this kept up in them their Warlike disposition, & Strengthen'd their love of independency, it was many ages before They had any Soldiers about their persons, their only guards were the hearts of their Vassals; happy were it if Princes would ever look upon these as their only defence particularly in a Free Country.

In the earliest days the Kings us'd themselves to determine all controversys among their People, but Causes daily Multiplying, it was necessary to appoint Judges to decide them; but on the irruption of the Barbarians into Europe, who destroy'd most of the great Citys, Justice was for a long time not administr'd, & every Sort of Murder, Rapine & c. prevail'd throughout